Rohan Gunaratna

The modern myth that bin Laden repeated fate of Frankenstein - the monster that started to avenge his own creator. According to the adherents of this theory, the link bin Laden and the CIA came in 1980, during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan. However, the vast majority of experts believe that this version does not hold.

It is worth paying attention to the fact that bin Laden was not initially entertained the good feelings toward the United States. He was educated at the University of King Abdul Azziza in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia), where he attended lectures of Muhammad Qutb - the brother of the modern jihadist ideologue Sayyid Qutb and his followers. The ideology of bin Laden finally formed under the influence of Palestinian Abdullah Azzam, a member of the organization "Muslim Brothers". Both of these men not only felt warm feelings toward the U.S. and the West in general, but also actively encouraged to fight with them.

Afghan History

After the 1979 Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan, bin Laden moved into the camps of Afghan refugees in Pakistan and, using his contacts in Saudi Arabia, and began fundraising, which directed the purchase of food, medicines and weapons. In 1982 he met Azzam and together with them in 1984 formed an organization "Al-Mahtab Hidimat" (rough translation - "Office Services" or "help desk"), distributes the funds obtained from the sponsors of the Muslim countries, and is engaged propaganda and agitation. The organization also served as a recruiter for the volunteers intend to help the Afghan co-religionists in the war with the USSR. Mission of "Al-Mahtab Hidimat were established in dozens of countries around the world.

During this period, bin Laden and the U.S. have unwittingly allies. Was the Cold War and the United States, guided by the ancient principle "my enemy's enemy - my friend, secretly supported the Afghan mujahedeen, who fought with Soviet troops. An estimated U.S. Congressional Research Service (Congressional Research Service) for the period from 1981 to 1991, Washington has allocated for these purposes about U.S. $ 3 billion.

Cooperation has developed as follows: the U.S. intelligence community had a limited number of agents in Pakistan and preferred to deal with the Afghan factions under the mediation of the powerful Pakistani intelligence ISI. American money and equipment sent to major Afghan factions. Arab volunteers (there were only a few hundred people) accounted for a negligible share of the Mujahideen, and they paid no attention. Subsequently, representatives of the CIA pointed out that they perceived the volunteers as an additional asset in the fight against the Soviet Union, but did not give them any support.

Rohan Gunaratna (Rohan Gunaratna), director of Singapore's International Centre for the Study of Terrorism and Political Violence at the University of Technology Nania (International Centre for Political Violence and Terrorism Research at Nanyang Technological University), author of many books about bin Laden, said: "Bin Laden was a key financier "Al-Mahtab Hidimat. Neither he nor his organization had not received any money from the U.S.. American money is distributed among large groups of Afghan mujahedeen, but did not fall to the Arabs. "

In 1988, bin Laden, together with Azzam set up the al-Qaida. The withdrawal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan (1989) had a tremendous impact on bin Laden and, in many ways, shaped his ideology. Later, he said: "This jihad main success was the fact that the Muslims lost a misconception that the superpower can not be destroyed" (according to bin Laden, the Soviet Union collapsed because of the defeat in Afghanistan).

In 1990, Iraq invaded Kuwait. Bin Laden, at that time had returned to Saudi Arabia, first began to create an irregular army to defend Saudi Arabia from the Iraqis (Saddam Hussein's regime in his understanding was not Islamic) and suggested that the royal family to free Kuwait on their own. However, after Saudi Arabia called on the U.S. aid and U.S. troops were placed on the Muslim holy land, he went to war against a new enemy - the United States.

Rohan Gunaratna points out: "There is no evidence that the CIA created bin Laden. Definitely it can be argued that the CIA never funded bin Laden and his structure, but the CIA funded the other factions of Mujahideen. "

War with U.S.

Bin Laden and his entourage were convinced that the only way to build an Islamic state - it is defeating the United States, which supported the secular regimes in the Arab countries.

In 1990 Al-Qaeda began a campaign of attacks on the United States. The first one was behavioral in 1992 - was blown up a hotel in Yemen, where there were several hundred U.S. troops waiting to be sent to Somalia. In 1993, Al-Qaeda carried out the first terrorist attack on American soil - a bomb was detonated at the World Trade Center in New York City (the center was completely destroyed by the militants of al-Qaida Sept. 11, 2001).

In early 1997, the U.S. State Department's annual report on combating international terrorism (Patterns of Global Terrorism) first mentioned the name of bin Laden, however, is not calling it a serious threat to U.S. security. However, within six months, bin Laden has been listed in the list of criminals most wanted by the FBI and the CIA called a "terrorist number 1".

In 1998, bin Laden had no formal theological education, issued a fatwa (religious edict), which stated that "to kill Americans and their allies - civilian and military - the personal responsibility of every Muslim." He also gave an interview to the popular American television channel ABC, who introduced bin Laden as the man who declared war on the United States. Further it is well known.

Rohan Gunaratna explains: "Confident that a sverhderdzhava - Soviet Union - due to his efforts failed, bin Laden went to war with another superpower - the United States. Bin Laden did not like either one powerful nation. He intended to create a caliphate, and portraying such powers as obstacles to achieving this goal. "

Myth

Version that the CIA had a hand in turning bin Laden in the terrorist number 1 "is based on estimates of second-class experts who have not led any evidence to support the validity of this theory. Among well-known adherents of this theory - the liberal documentary filmmaker Michael Moore and the late British Foreign Secretary Robin Cook and Prime Minister of Pakistan Benazir Bhutto.

However, most researchers stress that if the jihadists have been the slightest reason to suspect bin Laden in a secret cooperation with the U.S., he would have lived long. In relations with the CIA once accused teachers bin Laden - Abdallah Azzam. Shortly thereafter, he and his sons was killed in a bomb blast. Suicides sent bin Laden blew up one of the most popular Afghan warlords - Ahmad Shah Masood, who was also accused of collaborating with the CIA.

Peter Bergen (Peter Bergen), Director of National Security Research Center New America Foundation, in an article published in The Washington Post, said: "Al-Qaeda and the CIA have the same opinion, only one - that among them there was no relationship. "

http://www.voanews.com/russian/news/BinLaden-CIA-2011-05-11-121673224.html